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Index · Philodendron · Philodendron bipinnatifidum
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Illustration pending
At a Glance
Light Bright indirect
Water Every 7 days
Humidity 40–60%
Temp. 15–30 °C
Habit Upright
Growth Medium
Care Easy
Height 100–300 cm
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Philodendron bipinnatifidum

Tree Philodendron · Lacy Tree Philodendron · Selloum · Horsehead Philodendron · Thaumatophyllum bipinnatifidum
(fil-oh-DEN-dron by-pin-at-ih-FY-dum)
At a Glance
Light Bright indirect
Water Every 7 days
Humidity 40–60%
Temp. 15–30 °C
Habit Upright
Growth Medium
Care Easy
Height 100–300 cm
Add to your collection
FloraFolio ↗
Origin & Habitat

Brazil, Bolivia, Argentina and Paraguay

First described by Schott ex Endl..

Description

Very large, glossy, deeply pinnately-lobed (lacy) leaves on long petioles, radiating from a stout woody crown with distinctive eye-drop leaf scars.

Large self-heading shrub forming a rosette on a thickening trunk-like stem; becomes decumbent and tree-like with age.

Botanical Notes

Genus from Greek 'philo' (love) + 'dendron' (tree), referring to many species' habit of climbing trees. Epithet 'bipinnatifidum' means 'twice pinnately cut', describing the deeply lobed leaves.

Philodendron bipinnatifidum (Schott ex Endl.) — long sold as 'selloum' — is a large, non-climbing, self-heading species from Brazil, Bolivia, Argentina and Paraguay. In 2018 it was proposed for transfer to a separate genus, Thaumatophyllum, but as of 2025 Plants of the World Online still treats Thaumatophyllum as a synonym and keeps the accepted name in Philodendron. P. selloum and P. selloanum are synonyms of this species.

Care Guide

A tough, adaptable plant that tolerates full sun to fairly deep shade, though bright light keeps it compact. Give it room — leaves and spread get large. Water when the top few cm dry; it likes rich, moisture-retentive soil but not waterlogging. Lower leaves naturally drop to reveal the trunk-like stem over time.

Repotting

Rich, well-draining mix (e.g. 50% potting soil, 30% orchid bark, 20% perlite). Repot every 2–3 years in spring; use a heavy or wide pot as mature plants get top-heavy.

Feeding

Monthly during growing season (spring–summer)

Common Problems
  • Root rot from waterlogging; floppy, stretched growth and large gaps in low light; spider mites in dry air; lower-leaf yellowing is often natural ageing.
Notes & Curiosities
  • Widely sold as 'selloum,' it's the same species as Philodendron bipinnatifidum.
  • A 2018 proposal would move it to the genus Thaumatophyllum, but major databases still file it under Philodendron.
  • Unlike climbing philodendrons, it's 'self-heading' — forming a big rosette on a thick trunk-like stem rather than vining.
Toxicity: toxic to pets, toxic to humans. All parts contain insoluble calcium oxalate crystals; chewing or ingestion causes oral irritation, a burning sensation, drooling, and difficulty swallowing in pets and humans.
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Sources